Selected Publications

H.E. Unalan, Y. Zhang, P. Hiralal, S. Dalal, D. Chu, G. Eda, K.B.K. Teo, M. Chhowalla, W.I. Milne and G.A.J. Amaratunga. "Zinc oxide nanowire networks for macroelectronic devices", Applied Physics Letters 94, 163501 (2009).

N. Wang, K. Yano, C. Durkan, N. Plank, M.E. Welland, Y. Zhang, H.E. Unalan, M. Mann, G.A.J. Amaratunga and W.I. Milne. "Direct measurement of charge transport through helical polyethyl propiolate nanorods wired into gaps in single walled carbon nanotubes", Nanotechnology 20, 105201 (2009).

G. Eda, H.E. Unalan, N. Rupesinghe, G.A.J. Amaratunga, and M. Chhowalla. "Field emission from graphene based composite thin films", Applied Physics Letters 93, 233502 (2008).

C.L. Choong, W.I. Milne and K.B.K. Teo "Review: Carbon Nanotubes for Microfluidic Lab-on-chip Applications", International Journal of Materials Form 1, 117 (2008).

F.M. Li, et al. "Zinc Oxide Nanostructures and High Electron Mobility Nanocomposite Thin Film Transistors", IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices 55, 3001 (2008).

H.E. Unalan, et al. "Flexible Organic Pholtovoltaics from ZnO Nanowires Grown on Transparent and Conducting Single Walled Carbon Nanotube Films", Journal of Materials Chemistry DOI10.1039/b810748c (2008).

H.E. Unalan, et al. "ZnO Nanowire and WS2 Nanotube Electronics", IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices 55, 2988 (2008).

P. Hiralal, H.E. Unalan, K.G.U. Wijayantha, A. Kursumovic, D. Jefferson, J.L. MacMagnus-Driscoll, and G.A.J. Amaratunga. "Growth and process conditions of aligned and patternable films of iron oxide nanowires by thermal oxidation of iron", Nanotechnology 19, 455608 (2008).

H.E. Unalan, D. Wei, K. Suzuki, S. Dalal, P. Hiralal, H. Matsumoto, S. Imaizumi, M. Minagawa, A. Tanoika, A.J. Flewitt, W.I. Milne and G.A.J. Amaratunga. "Photoelectrochemical cell using dye sensitized zinc oxide nanowires grown on carbon fibers", Applied Physics Letters 93, 133116 (2008).

D. Wei, H.E. Unalan, D. Han, Q. Zhang, L. Niu, G.A.J. Amaratunga and T. Ryhanen. "A solid-state dye-sensitized solar cell based on a novel ionic liquid gel and ZnO nanoparticles on a flexible polymer substrate", Nanotechnology 19, 424006 (2008).

H.E. Unalan, P. Hiralal, N. Rupesinghe, S. Dalal, W.I. Milne and G.A.J. Amaratunga. "Rapid Synthesis of Aligned Zinc Oxide Nanowires", Nanotechnology 19, 255608 (2008).

T. Wilkinson, X. Wang, K.B.K. Teo and W.I. Milne. "Sparse Multiwall Carbon Nanotube Electrode Arrays for Liquid Crystal Photonic Devices", Advanced Materials online (2008).

J.E. Jang, S.N. Cha, Y.J. Choi, D.J. Kang, T.P. Butler, D.G. Hasko, J.E. Jung, J.M. Kim and G.A.J. Amaratunga. "Nanoscale Memory Cell Based on a Nanoelectromechanical Switched Capacitor", Nature Nanotechnology online (2008).

M. Mann, K.B.K. Teo and W.I. Milne. "Carbon Nanotubes as Electron Sources", Review article to be published (2008).

M.S. Haque, K.B.K. Teo, N.L. Rupesinghe, S.Z. Ali, I. Haneef, S. Maeng, J. Park, F. Udrea, and W.I. Milne. "On-chip Deposition of Carbon Nanotubes using CMOS Microhotplates", Nanotechnology 19, 025607 (2007).

T. Fujita, Y. Hayashi, T. Tokunaga, T. Butler, N.L. Rupesinghe, K.B.K. Teo and G.A.J. Amaratunga. "Encapsulation of Segmented Pd-Co Nanocomposites into Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotubes by Plasma-hydrogen-induced Demixing", Applied Physics Letters 90, 133116 (2007).

M.S. Bell, K.B.K. Teo and W.I. Milne. "Factors Determining Properties of Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes/fibres Deposited by PECVD", Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 40, 2285 (2007).

K.B.K. Teo. "Carbon Nanotube Electron Source Technology", Journal of Materials March issue, (2007).

L.C. Campos, S.H. Dalal, D. Baptista, R. Magalhaes-Paniago, A.S. Ferlauto, W.I. Milne, L.O. Ladeira, and R.G. Lacerda. "Determination of the Eptaxial Growth of Zinc Oxide Nanowires on Sapphire by Grazing Incidence Synchrotron X-ray Diffraction", Applied Physics Letters 90, 181929 (2007).

L.-Y. Chen, L.F. Velasquez-Garcia, X. Wang, K. Teo and A.I. Akinwande "A Micro Ionizer for Portable Mass Spectrometers using Double-gated Isolated Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanofiber Arrays", IEEE Proceedings of IEDM, (2007).

J. Wu, M. Eastman, T. Gutu, M. Wyse, J. Jiao, S.-M. Kim, M. Mann, Y. Zhang and K.B.K. Teo "Fabrication of Carbon Nanotube-based Nanodevices using a Combination Technique of Focused Ion Beam and Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapour Deposition", Applied Physics Letters 91, 173122 (2007).

W.I. Milne, K.B.K. Teo, M. Mann, I.Y.Y. Bu, G.A.J. Amaratunga, N. De Jonge, M. Allioux, J.T. Oostveen, P. Legagneux, E. Minoux, L. Gangloff, L. Hudanski, J.-P. Schnell, D. Dieumegard, F. Peauger, T. Wells, and M. El-Gomati. "Carbon Nanotubes as Electron Sources", Physica Status Solidi A 203, 1058 (2006).

S. Musso, S. Porro, M. Rovere, A. Tagliaferro, E. Laurenti, M. Mann, K.B.K. Teo, and W.I. Milne. "Low Temperature Electron Spin Resonance Investigation on SWNTs after Hydrogen Treatment", Diamond and Related Materials 15, 1085 (2006).

K. Gjerde, J. Kjelstrup-Hansen, C.H. Clausen, K.B.K. Teo, W.I. Milne, H.-G. Rubahn, and P. Boggild. "Carbon Nanotube Forests: a Non-stick Workbench for Nanomanipulation", Nanotechnology 17, 4917 (2006).

S.H. Dalal, D.L. Baptista, K.B.K. Teo, R.G. Lacerda, D.A. Jefferson, and W.I. Milne. "Controllable Growth of Vertically Aligned Zinc Oxide Nanowires using Vapour Deposition", Nanotechnology 17, 4811 (2006).

M. Mann, K.B.K. Teo, W.I. Milne, and T. Tessner. "Direct growth of multi-walled carbon nanotubes on sharp tips for electron microscopy", NANO: Brief Reports and Reviews 1, 35 (2006).

S.M.C. Vieira, K.B.K. Teo, W.I. Milne, O. Groening, L. Gangloff, E. Minoux, and P. Legagneux. "Investigation of field emission properties of carbon nanotube arrays defined using nanoimprint lithography", Applied Physics Letters 89, 022111 (2006).

M.S. Bell, K.B.K. Teo, R.G. Lacerda, W.I. Milne, D.B. Hash, and M. Meyyappan. "Carbon nanotubes by plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposition", Pure and Applied Chemistry 78, 1117 (2006).

M.H. Yang, K.B.K. Teo, L. Gangloff, W.I. MIlne, D.G. Hasko, Y. Robert, and P. Legagneux "Advantages of top-gate, high-k dielectric carbon nanotube field effect transistors", Applied Physics Letters 88, 113507 (2006).

M.H. Yang, K.B.K. Teo, W.I. Milne, and D.G. Hasko "Carbon nanotube Schottky diode and directionally dependent field-effect transistor using asymmetrical contacts", Applied Physics Letters 87, 253116 (2006).

W.I. Milne, K.B.K. Teo, E. Minoux, O. Groening, L. Gangloff, L. Hudanski, J.-P. Schnell, D. Dieumegard, F. Peauger, I.Y.Y. Bu, M.S. Bell, P. Legagneux, G. Hasko, and G.A.J. Amaratunga "Aligned carbon nanotube/fibers for applications in vacuum microwave amplifiers", Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology B 24, 345 (2006).

V. Semet, Vu Thien Binh, D. Guillot, K.B.K. Teo, M. Chhowalla, G.A.J. Amaratunga, W.I. Milne, P. Legagneux, and D. Pribat "Reversible electromechanical characteristics of individual multiwall carbon nanotubes", Applied Physics Letters 87, 223103 (2005).

E. Minoux, O. Groening, K.B.K Teo, S.H. Dalal, L. Gangloff, J.-P. Schnell, L. Hudanski, I.Y.Y. Bu, P. Vincent, P. Legagneux, G.A.J. Amaratunga, and W.I. Milne. "Achieving High-Current Carbon Nanotube Emitters", Nanoletters 5, 2135 (2005).

K.B.K. Teo, E. Minoux, L. Hudanski, F. Peauger, J.-P. Schnell, L. Gangloff, P. Legagneux, D. Dieumgard, G.A.J. Amaratunga and W.I. Milne. "Microwave Devices: Carbon Nanotubes as Cold Cathodes", Nature 437, 968 (2005).

Link to Nature website for paper and supplementary info.

J.E. Jang, S.N. Cha, Y. Choi, G.A.J. Amaratunga, D.J. Kang, D.G. Hasko, J.E. Jung and J.M. Kim "Nanoelectromechanical switches with vertically aligned carbon nanotubes", Applied Physics Letters 87, 163114 (2005).

N. de Jonge, M. Allioux, M. Doytcheva, J.T. Oostveen, K.B.K. Teo and W.I. Milne. "Low noise and stable emission from carbon nanotube electron sources", Applied Physics Letters 87, 133118 (2005).

D.B. Hash, M.S. Bell, K.B.K. Teo, B.A. Cruden, W.I. Milne and M. Meyyappan. "An Investigation of plasma chemistry for dc plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition of carbon nanotube and nanofiber growth", Nanotechnology 16, 925 (2005).

N. de Jonge, M. Allioux, J.T. Oostveen, K.B.K. Teo and W.I. Milne. "Optical performance of carbon nanotube electron sources", Physical Review Letters 94, 186807 (2005).

K.H. Park, S. Lee, K.H. Koh, R. Lacerda, K.B.K. Teo and W.I. Milne. "Advanced Nanosphere Lithography for the Areal-density Variation of Periodic Arrays of Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotubes", Journal of Applied Physics 97, 24311 (2005).

N. de Jonge, M. Doytcheva, M. Allioux, M. Kaiser, K.B.K. Teo, R.G. Lacerda and W.I. Milne. "Cap closing of thin Carbon Nanotubes", Advanced Materials 17, 451 (2005).

W.I. Milne and K.B.K. Teo. "Growth and Characterisation of Carbon Nanotubes for Field Emission Display Applications" Journal of SID 12/3, 289 (2004).

K.B.K. Teo, R.G. Lacerda, M.H. Yang, A.S. Teh, L.A.W. Robinson, S.H. Dalal, N.L. Rupesinghe, M. Chhowalla, S.B. Lee, D.A. Jefferson, D.G. Hasko, G.A.J. Amaratunga, W.I. Milne, P. Legagneux, L. Gangloff, E. Minoux, J.P. Schnell, and D. Pribat. "Carbon Nanotube Technology for Solid State and Vacuum Electronics" IEE Proceedings in Circuits, Devices and Systems (Nanoelectronics issue) 151, 443 (2004). PASSWORD IS 47600.

R.G. Lacerda, K.B.K. Teo, A.S. Teh, M.H. Yang, S.H. Dalal, D.A. Jefferson, J.H. Durrell, N.L. Rupesinghe, D. Roy, G.A.J. Amaratunga, F. Wyczisk and P. Legagneux. "Thin-film metal catalyst for the production of multi-wall and single-wall carbon nanotubes" Journal of Applied Physics 96, 4456 (2004).

S. Johnson, A. Markwitz, M. Rudolphi, H. Baumann, S.P. Oei, K.B.K. Teo and W.I. Milne. "Field emission properties of self-assembled silicon nanostructures on n- and p- type silicn", Applied Physics Letters 85, 3277 (2004).

N. de Jonge, M. Allioux, M. Doytcheva, M. Kaiser, K.B.K. Teo, R.G. Lacerda and W.I. Milne. "Characterization of the field emission properties of individual thin carbon nanotubes", Applied Physics Letters 85, 1607 (2004).

L. Gangloff, E. Minoux, K.B.K. Teo,  P. Vincent, V. Semet, V.T. Binh, M.H. Yang, I.Y.Y. Bu, R.G. Lacerda, G. Pirio, J.P. Schnell, D. Pribat, D.G. Hasko, G.A.J. Amaratunga, W.I. Milne and P. Legagneux. "Self-aligned, gated arrays of individual nanotube and nanowire emitters", Nanoletters 4, 1575 (2004).

M.S. Bell, R.G. Lacerda, K.B.K. Teo, N.L. Rupesinghe, G.A.J. Amaratunga, W.I. Milne and M. Chhowalla. "Plasma composition during plasma-enhanced chemical vapour depositionof carbon nanotubes", Applied Physics Letters 85, 1137 (2004).

K.B.K. Teo, D.B. Hash, R.G. Lacerda, N.L. Rupesinghe, M.S. Bell, S.H. Dalal, D. Bose, T.R. Govindan, B.A. Cruden, M. Chhowalla, G.A.J. Amaratunga, M. Meyyappan and W.I. Milne. "The Significance of Plasma Heating Carbon Nanotube and Nanofiber Growth", Nanoletters 4, 921 (2004).

H.J. Qi, K.B.K. Teo, K.K.S. Lau, M.C. Boyce, W.I. Milne, J. Robertson and K.K. Gleason, "Determination of mechanical properties of carbon nanotubes and vertically aligned carbon nanotube forests using nanoindentation" Journal of Mechanics and Physics of Solids 51, 2213 (2003)

W.I. Milne, K.B.K. Teo, G.A.J. Amaratunga, P. Legagneux, L. Gangloff, J.-P. Schnell, V. Semet, V.T. Binh and O. Goening, "Carbon nanotubes as field emission sources", Journal of Materials Chemistry 14, 933 (2004).

R.G. Lacerda, A.S. Teh, M.H. Yang, K.B.K. Teo, N.L. Rupesinghe, S.H. Dalal, K.K.K. Koziol, D. Roy, G.A.J. Amaratunga, W.I. Milne, M. Chhowalla, D.G. Hasko, F. Wyczisk and P. Legagneux, "Growth of high quality single wall carbon nanotubes without amorphous carbon formation", Applied Physics Letters 84, 269 (2004).

K.K.S. Lau, J. Bico, K.B.K. Teo, M. Chhowalla, G.A.J. Amaratunga, W.I.Milne, G.H. McKinley and K.K. Gleason, "Superhydrophobic Carbon Nanotube Forests" Nanoletters 3, 1701 (2003)

S.-B. Lee, L.A.W. Robinson, K.B.K. Teo, M. Chhowalla, , G.A.J. Amaratunga, W.I. Milne, D.G. Hasko and H. Ahmed, "Suspended multiwalled carbon nanotubes as self-aligned evaporation masks" Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 3, 325 (2003).

D.J. Riley, M. Mann, D.A. MacLaren, P.C. Dastoor, W. Allison, K.B.K. Teo, G.A.J. Amaratunga and W.I. Milne, "Helium detection via field ionisation from carbon Nanotubes" Nanoletters 3, 1455 (2003).

G. Amaratunga, “Watching the Nanotube”, IEEE Spectrum (September 2003).
K. Teo, “Home grown nanotubes”, IEE Review 49, 38 (April 2003).
M. Chhowalla, H. Wang, N. Sano, K.B.K. Teo, S.B. Lee and G.A.J. Amaratunga, "Carbon onions: carriers of the 217.5nm interstellar absorption feature" Physical Review Letters 90, 155504 (2003).

K.B.K. Teo, S.–B. Lee, M. Chhowalla, V. Semet, V.T. Binh, O. Groening, M. Castignolles, A. Loiseau, G. Pirio, P. Legagneux, D. Pribat, D.G. Hasko, H. Ahmed, G.A.J. Amaratunga and W.I. Milne, “Plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition carbon nanotubes/nanofibers – how uniform do they grow?” Nanotechnology 14, 204 (2003).

K.B.K. Teo, C. Singh, M. Chhowalla and W.I. Milne, “Catalytic synthesis of carbon nanotubes and nanofibers” Encyclopedia of Nanocience and Nanotechnology 1, 665-686 (2004).

K.B.K. Teo, M. Chhowalla, G.A.J. Amaratunga, W.I. Milne, P. Legagneux, G. Pirio, E. Balossier, D. Pribat, V. Semet, Vu Thien Binh, W.H. Bruenger, J. Eichholz, H. Hanssen, D. Friedrich, S.B. Lee, D.G. Hasko, H. Ahmed, “Fabrication and electrical characteristics of carbon nanotubes based microcathodes for use in a parallel electron beam lithography system”, Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology B 21, 693 (2003).

S.–B. Lee, K.B.K. Teo, G.A.J. Amaratunga, W.I. Milne, M. Chhowalla, D.G. Hasko and H. Ahmed, “Fabrication of multiwalled carbon nanotube bridges by polymethylmethacrylate  suspended dispersion”, Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology B 21, 996 (2003).

N.L. Rupesinghe, M. Chhowalla, K.B.K. Teo and G.A.J. Amaratunga, “Field emission vacuum power switch using vertically aligned carbon nanotubes” Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology B 21, 338 (2003).

S.-B. Lee, A.S. Teh, K.B.K. Teo, M. Chhowalla, D.G. Hasko, G.A.J. Amaratunga, W.I. Milne and H. Ahmed, “Fabrication of carbon nanotube lateral field emitters” Nanotechnology 14, 192 (2003).

L.A.W. Robinson, S.-B. Lee, K.B.K. Teo, M. Chhowalla, G.A.J. Amaratunga, W.I. Milne, D. G. Hasko, D. A. Williams and H. Ahmed, “Fabrication of self-aligned side gates to carbon nanotubes Nanotechnology 14, 290 (2003).

W.H. Teh, C.G. Smith, K.B.K. Teo, R.G. Lacerda, G.A.J. Amaratunga, W.I. Milne, M. Castignolles and A. Loiseau, “Integrating vertically aligned carbon nanotubes on micromechanical structures” Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology B 21, 1380 (2003).

W.I. Milne, K.B.K. Teo, M. Chhowalla, G.A.J. Amaratunga, S.B. Lee, D.G. Hasko, H. Ahmed, O. Groening, P. Legagneux, L. Gangloff, J.P. Schnell, G. Pirio, D. Pribat, M. Castignolles, A. Loiseau, V. Semet, V.T. Binh, "Electrical and Field Emission Investigation of Individual Carbon Nanotubes from Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapour Deposition", Diamond and Related Materials 2002.

V. Semet, Vu Thien Binh, P. Vincent, D. Guillot, K.B.K. Teo, M. Chhowalla, G. A. J. Amaratunga, W. I. Milne, P. Legagneux, and D. Pribat, “Field electron emission from individual carbon nanotubes of a vertically aligned array”, Applied Physics Letters 81, 343 (2002).

K.B.K. Teo, G. Pirio, P. Legagneux, F. Wyczisk, M. Chhowalla, D. G. Hasko, H. Ahmed, D. Pribat, G. A. J. Amaratunga and W. I. Milne, Field emission from dense, sparse and patterned Arrays of Carbon Nanotubes, Applied Physics Letters 80, 2011 (2002).

K.B.K. Teo, M. Chhowalla, G.A.J. Amaratunga, W.I. Milne, G. Pirio, P. Legagneux, F. Wyczisk, J. Olivier, and D. Pribat, “Characterisation of plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition carbon nanotubes by Auger electron spectroscopy”, Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology B 20, 116 (2002).

M. Chhowalla, K.B.K. Teo, C. Ducati, N.L. Rupesinghe, G.A.J. Amaratunga, A.C. Ferrari, D. Roy, J. Robertson and W.I. Milne, “Growth process conditions of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes using plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition”, Journal of Applied Physics 90, 5308 (2001).

G. Pirio, P. Legagneux, D. Pribat, K.B.K. Teo, M. Chhowalla, G.A.J. Amaratunga, and W.I. Milne, “Fabrication and electrical characteristics of a carbon nanotube field emission microcathode with an integrated gate electrode”, Nanotechnology 13, 1 (2001).

M. Chhowalla, C. Ducati, N.L. Rupesinghe, K.B.K. Teo and G.A.J. Amaratunga, “Field emission from short and stubby vertically aligned carbon nanotubes”, Applied Physics Letters 79, 2079 (2001).

K.B.K. Teo, M. Chhowalla, G.A.J. Amaratunga, W.I. Milne, D.G. Hasko, G. Pirio, P. Legagneux, F. Wyczisk, and D. Pribat, “Uniform patterned growth of carbon nanotubes without surface carbon”, Applied Physics Letters 79, 1534 (2001).

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